URDU LANGUAGE

TRANSLATE FROM / TO URDU

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SOME FACTS

Urdu, language belonging to the Indic group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. The official tongue of Pakistan, Urdu is also one of the 15 languages recognized in the 1950 Indian constitution. Urdu has been described as the written or literary variant of Hindustani that is used by Muslims. It is written in a modified form of the Arabic alphabet, and its basically Indic vocabulary has been enriched by borrowings from Arabic and Persian. Grammatically and phonetically, however, Urdu is an Indic language. About 100 million persons in Pakistan and India understand Urdu.

URDU: a language of Pakistan
SIL code: URD
ISO 639-1: ur
ISO 639-2: urd

Population 10,719,000 mother tongue speakers in Pakistan (1993), 7.57% of the population. Population total all countries 60,290,000 or more. Including second language speakers: 104,000,000 (1999 WA).

Region Also spoken in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Fiji, Germany, Guyana, India, Malawi, Mauritius, Nepal, Norway, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Thailand, UAE, United Kingdom, Zambia.

Classification Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Central zone, Western Hindi, Hindustani.

Comments Intelligible with Hindi, but has formal vocabulary borrowed from Arabic and Persian. The second or third language of most Pakistanis for whom it is not the mother tongue. National language. Grammar. Arabic script in Nastaliq style with several extra characters used. Muslim. Bible 1843-1998.

Also spoken in:
India Language name URDU
Population 48,062,000 in India (1997 IMA).
Alternate names ISLAMI, UNDRI, URUDU
Dialects DAKHINI (DAKANI, DECCAN, DESIA, MIRGAN), PINJARI, REKHTA (REKHTI).
Comments Dakhini is freer of Persian and Arabic loans than Urdu. Rekhta is a form of Urdu used in poetry. National language. Arabic script for both Urdu and Dakhini. Muslim. Bible 1843-1998.


Mauritius Language name URDU
Population 64,000 in Mauritius (1993 Johnstone).
Comments Often used in government and politics. Muslim. Bible 1843-1998.


South Africa Language name URDU
Population 170,000 South Asian Muslims in South Africa (1987).
Comments Most speak English. Merchants, traders, industrial, professional (medicine, computers), clerical workers, craftsmen. Muslim. Bible 1843-1998.

 

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